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Writer's pictureLisa Shull

What is a Vanilla Box in Commercial Real Estate?

Requirements, Demolition Considerations, and Potential Costs

vanilla box construction
vanilla box construction in commercial real estate

In commercial real estate, the term "vanilla box" refers to a standardized, unfinished space that serves as a blank canvas for tenants to customize according to their specific needs. This article aims to delve into what a vanilla box entails, the essential requirements for property owners seeking quotes, the process of demolishing an existing space in preparation for a vanilla box, and the typical costs associated with obtaining and demolishing a vanilla box space.

What is a Vanilla Box?


A vanilla box, also known as a white box or cold dark shell, represents an empty commercial space that lacks interior finishes, fixtures, and systems. It typically comprises the basic structural elements, including walls, floors, ceilings, and essential utilities such as plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC systems. Essentially, a vanilla box provides a foundation that allows tenants to tailor the space to their desired specifications and design preferences.

Requirements for Owners Requesting a Quote:


When an owner intends to lease or sell a vanilla box space, they need to provide specific information to vendors or contractors to obtain accurate quotes. The following are the key details an owner should furnish:

  1. Floor Plan: A detailed floor plan of the space, including measurements, is crucial for vendors to assess the area and understand its layout.

  2. Utilities and Services: Information about existing utility connections, such as electrical supply, water, and sewage access, is essential. This helps vendors determine the scope and complexity of the required installations.

  3. Building Codes and Permits: While an experienced contractor should be familiar with local codes and ordinances, property owners should be prepared to provide information on local building codes, regulations, and permits necessary for construction and renovation work within the space.

  4. Lease or Sale Requirements: If the owner has specific requirements for the space, such as the inclusion of certain features or modifications, they should communicate them clearly to potential vendors.

Demolition Considerations and Costs:


In some cases, owners may need to demolish an existing space to prepare for a vanilla box. This step involves removing interior finishes, fixtures, and systems that do not align with the desired blank canvas state. Considerations for demolition include:

  1. Structural Assessment: Before demolition, a structural assessment should be conducted to ensure the safety and stability of the building. This evaluation helps identify load-bearing walls, necessary reinforcements, or any potential risks associated with the demolition process.

  2. Environmental Factors: Depending on the age of the building, there may be environmental considerations such as the presence of hazardous materials like asbestos or lead-based paint. Proper testing and remediation should be conducted in compliance with local regulations.

  3. Waste Disposal: Demolition generates waste materials that need proper disposal. Owners should factor in the costs of waste removal and recycling to ensure compliance with environmental regulations.

  4. Demolition Method: The choice of demolition method—selective demolition or full-scale demolition—depends on the extent of changes required. Selective demolition, focusing on specific areas or elements, may be a cost-effective approach for creating a vanilla box.

Typical Costs to Obtain a Vanilla Box:


The costs associated with obtaining a vanilla box can vary depending on several factors, including location, size of the space, market conditions, demolition requirements, and customization needs. Here are the typical costs owners might expect:

  1. Demolition Costs: Demolition expenses can vary based on factors such as the size of the space, complexity of the project, presence of hazardous materials, and waste disposal requirements. Demolition costs can range from $5 to $15 per square foot.

  2. Core and Shell Construction: The initial construction of the core and shell of the building can account for a significant portion of the costs. This includes erecting the walls, floors, ceilings, and installing basic utilities such as plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC systems. On average, these costs can range from $30 to $80 per square foot.

  3. Tenant Improvements: Tenant improvements involve the customization of the vanilla box space to meet the tenant's specific needs and preferences. These costs can vary greatly depending on the desired level of finishes, fixtures, and systems. High-end finishes, specialized equipment, and extensive modifications will naturally increase the overall costs.

  4. Design and Architectural Fees: Hiring a professional architect or designer to create customized plans and blueprints for the space incurs additional expenses. Design fees can range from 5% to 15% of the total construction costs, depending on the complexity and scale of the project.

In commercial real estate, a vanilla box represents a raw, unfinished space that allows tenants to shape it according to their needs and brand image. Owners seeking quotes for a vanilla box should provide detailed floor plans, utility information, building codes, and their specific lease or sale requirements. If demolition is necessary, owners should consider factors such as structural assessment, environmental considerations, waste disposal, and the demolition method. The costs associated with obtaining a vanilla box depend on various factors such as demolition, core and shell construction, tenant improvements, design fees, and regulatory compliance. By understanding the concept, demolition considerations, and costs of a vanilla box, both owners and tenants can make informed decisions regarding their commercial real estate ventures.


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